教孩子学编程Python语言版

Python是一种解释型、面向对象、动态数据类型的高级程序设计语言。这门强大的语言如今在大学和Google、IBM等大型技术公司广泛使用。
本书是一本父母和老师教孩子使用Python进行基础程序设计和解决问题的入门图书。 本书通过科学合理的结构、通俗易懂的文字、活泼有趣的图示，帮助孩子学习计算机的思维方式，而可视化和游戏为主的例子则持续吸引读者的注意力。针对变量、循环、函数等编程基础概念的介绍，可以帮助年轻的程序员构建所需的技能，以制作自己的超酷的游戏和应用。每章末尾的编程挑战，则可以拓展读者的思维，巩固所学习的知识和技能。
本书适合任何想要通过Python学习编程的读者，尤其适合父母、老师、学生，以及想要理解计算机编程基础知识的未成年人阅读学习。

第1 章 Python 基础：认识环境.......................................... 1
1.1 认识Python ....................................................................................... 3
1.2 用Python 编写程序 .......................................................................... 5
1.3 运行Python 程序 .............................................................................. 5
1.4 本章小结 ........................................................................................... 6
1.5 编程挑战 ........................................................................................... 7
第2 章 海龟作图：用Python 绘图..................................... 9
2.1 第一个海龟程序 ............................................................................. 10
2.1.1 程序是如何工作的 ...................................................................10
2.1.2 发生了什么 ...............................................................................12
2.2 旋转的海龟 ..................................................................................... 13
2.3 海龟画圆 ......................................................................................... 14
2.4 添加颜色 ......................................................................................... 15
2.4.1 一个四色螺旋线 .......................................................................16
2.4.2 修改背景颜色 ...........................................................................19
2.5 一个变量搞定一切 ......................................................................... 20
2.6 本章小结 ......................................................................................... 22
2.7 编程挑战 ......................................................................................... 22
第3 章 数字和变量：用Python 做数学运算........................ 24
3.1 变量：保存内容的地方 ................................................................. 25
3.2 Python 中的数字和数学运算 ......................................................... 26
3.2.1 Python 数字 ...............................................................................27
3.2.2 Python 操作符 ...........................................................................28
3.2.3 在Python shell 中进行数学运算 .............................................28
3.2.4 语法错误：你说什么？ ...........................................................29
3.2.5 Python shell 中的变量 ..............................................................30

3.2.6 用操作符编程：披萨计算器 ...................................................31
3.3 字符串：Python 中真正的字符 ..................................................... 33
3.4 用字符串改进彩色螺旋线 ............................................................. 35
3.5 列表：将所有内容放到一起 ......................................................... 36
3.6 Python 做作业 ................................................................................. 38
3.7 本章小结 ......................................................................................... 40
3.8 编程挑战 ......................................................................................... 41
第4 章 循环很有趣（你可以再说一遍）............................. 42
4.1 构建自己的循环 ............................................................................. 43
4.1.1 使用for 循环生成4 个圆组成的玫瑰花瓣 ............................44
4.1.2 修改循环让玫瑰花瓣带有6 个圆 ...........................................46
4.2 把玫瑰花瓣程序改进为允许用户输入 ......................................... 48
4.3 游戏循环和while 循环 .................................................................. 50
4.4 家庭成员螺旋线 ............................................................................. 52
4.5 整合：病毒式的螺旋线 ................................................................. 55
4.6 本章小结 ......................................................................................... 59
4.7 编程挑战 ......................................................................................... 60
第5 章 条件（如果是这样该怎么办？）................................62
5.1 if 语句 .............................................................................................. 63
5.2 认识布尔值 ..................................................................................... 65
5.2.1 比较操作符 ...............................................................................66
5.2.2 你还不够大！ ...........................................................................68
5.3 else 语句 .......................................................................................... 69
5.3.1 多边形或玫瑰花瓣 ...................................................................70
5.3.2 偶数还是奇数 ...........................................................................71
5.4 elif 语句 ........................................................................................... 74
5.5 复杂条件：if、and、or 和not ....................................................... 75
5.6 秘密消息 ......................................................................................... 77
5.6.1 打乱字符串 ...............................................................................78
5.6.2 字符的值 ...................................................................................79
5.6.3 加密/ 解密程序 ........................................................................80
5.7 本章小结 ......................................................................................... 82
5.8 编程挑战 ......................................................................................... 83
第6 章 随机的乐趣和游戏（继续前进，抓住机会！）............. 85
6.1 猜数字游戏 ..................................................................................... 86
6.2 彩色的随机螺旋线 ......................................................................... 88
6.2.1 选取颜色，任意的颜色 ...........................................................89
6.2.2 获取坐标 ...................................................................................90
6.2.3 画布有多大 ...............................................................................92
6.2.4 整合 ...........................................................................................93
6.3 Rock-Paper-Scissors ........................................................................ 95
6.4 选一张牌，任意一张牌 ................................................................. 97
6.4.1 堆牌 ...........................................................................................97
6.4.2 发牌 ...........................................................................................98
6.4.3 计算牌面 ...................................................................................99
6.4.4 继续前进 .................................................................................101
6.4.5 整合 .........................................................................................102
6.5 掷骰子 ........................................................................................... 103
6.5.1 设置游戏 .................................................................................104
6.5.2 对骰子排序 .............................................................................104
6.5.3 测试骰子 .................................................................................105
6.5.4 整合 .........................................................................................106
6.6 万花筒 ........................................................................................... 109
6.7 本章小结 ........................................................................................112
6.8 编程挑战 ........................................................................................114
第7 章 函数（那些东西有了一个名字）............................ 116
7.1 用函数整合内容 ............................................................................117
7.1.1 定义random_spiral() ..............................................................118
7.1.2 调用random_spiral() ..............................................................119
7.2 参数：传给函数 ........................................................................... 120
7.2.1 在随机位置微笑 .....................................................................121
7.2.2 整合 .........................................................................................125
7.3 返回：发回统计结果 ................................................................... 127
7.3.1 从函数返回一个值 .................................................................127
7.3.2 在程序中使用返回值 .............................................................128
7.4 交互简介 ....................................................................................... 130
7.4.1 处理事件：TurtleDraw ...........................................................130
7.4.2 监听键盘事件: ArrowDraw ...................................................133
7.4.3 用参数处理事件：ClickSpiral ...............................................135
7.4.4 更进一步：ClickandSmile .....................................................137
7.5 ClickKaleidoscope ......................................................................... 139
7.5.1 draw_kaleido() 函数 ................................................................139
7.5.2 draw_spiral() 函数 ...................................................................140
7.5.3 整合 .........................................................................................140
7.6 本章小结 ....................................................................................... 142
7.7 编程挑战 ....................................................................................... 143
第8 章 定时器和动画.................................................... 144
8.1 获取Pygame 的所有GUI ............................................................ 145
8.1.1 用Pygame 画一个点 ..............................................................146
8.1.2 Pygame 中的新内容 ...............................................................148
8.1.3 游戏的部分 .............................................................................149
8.2 时间刚刚好：移动和弹跳 ........................................................... 152
8.2.1 移动笑脸 .................................................................................153
8.2.2 用Clock 类实现笑脸动画 ......................................................155
8.2.3 将笑脸从墙上弹开 .................................................................157
8.2.4 在四面墙上弹回笑脸 .............................................................162
8.3 本章小结 ....................................................................................... 166
8.4 编程挑战 ....................................................................................... 167
第9 章 用户交互：进入游戏........................................... 170
9.1 增加交互：点击和拖动 ............................................................... 171
9.1.1 点击点 .....................................................................................171
9.1.2 拖动绘制 .................................................................................173
9.2 高级交互：笑脸爆炸 ................................................................... 177
9.2.1 笑脸精灵 .................................................................................178
9.2.2 设置精灵 .................................................................................180
9.2.3 更新精灵 .................................................................................182
9.2.4 较大的和较小的笑脸 .............................................................182
9.2.5 整合 .........................................................................................183
9.3 SmileyPop 1.0 版 ........................................................................... 185
9.3.1 检测碰撞和删除精灵 .............................................................185
9.3.2 整合 .........................................................................................186
9.4 本章小结 ....................................................................................... 188
9.5 编程挑战 ....................................................................................... 189
第10 章 游戏编程......................................................... 191
10.1 构建游戏框架：Smiley Pong 1.0 版 .......................................... 192
10.1.1 绘制游戏板和游戏部件 .......................................................193
10.1.2 记录分数 ...............................................................................194
10.1.3 显示得分 ...............................................................................199
10.1.4 整合 .......................................................................................201
10.2 增加难度并结束游戏：Smiley Pong 2.0 版 .............................. 202
10.2.1 游戏结束 ...............................................................................203
10.2.2 再玩一次 ...............................................................................203
10.2.3 更快 .......................................................................................204
10.2.4 整合 .......................................................................................206
10.3 添加更多的功能：SmileyPop 2.0 版 ......................................... 208
10.3.1 使用Pygame 添加声音 ........................................................208
10.3.2 跟踪和记录玩家进度 ...........................................................210
10.3.3 整合 .......................................................................................213
10.4 本章小结 ..................................................................................... 215
10.5 编程挑战 ..................................................................................... 216
附录A Windows、Mac 和Linux 下的Python 安装........ 218
A.1 Windows 下安装Python .............................................................. 219
A.1.1 下载安装程序 ........................................................................219
A.1.2 运行安装程序 ........................................................................220
A.1.3 尝试Python ............................................................................223
A.2 Mac 下的Python .......................................................................... 225
A.2.1 下载安装程序 ........................................................................225
A.2.2 运行安装程序 ........................................................................226
A.2.3 尝试Python ............................................................................229
A.3 Linux 下的Python 安装 .............................................................. 230
附录B Windows、Mac 和Linux 下的Pygame 安装......233
B.1 在Windows 下安装Pygame........................................................ 234
B.2 Mac 下的Pygame ......................................................................... 238
B.2.1 Python 2.7 和Pygame 1.9.2 ...................................................238
B.3 Linux 下的Pygame ...................................................................... 240
B.3.1 Pygame for Python 2 ...............................................................241
附录C 构建自己的模块..................................................242
C.1 构建colorspiral 模块 ................................................................... 243
C.1.1 使用colorspiral 模块 .............................................................244
C.1.2 重用colorspiral 模块 .............................................................245
C.2 附加资料 ....................................................................................... 246
术语表..........................................................................247